Which one of the following condition will increase the...

Which one of the following condition will increase the voltage of the cell represented by the equation $\mathrm{Cu}(\mathrm{s})+2 \mathrm{Ag}^{+}(\mathrm{aq}) \Longrightarrow \mathrm{Cu}^{2+}(\mathrm{aq})+2 \mathrm{Ag}(\mathrm{s}) ?$ (a) increase in the dimension of Cu electrode (b) increase in the dimension of Ag electrode (c) increase in the concentration of $\mathrm{Cu}^{2+}$ ions (d) increase in the concentration of $\mathrm{Ag}^4$ ions

Which one of the following condition will increase the voltage of the cell represented by the equation $\mathrm{Cu}(\mathrm{s})+2 \mathrm{Ag}^{+}(\mathrm{aq}) \Longrightarrow \mathrm{Cu}^{2+}(\mathrm{aq})+2 \mathrm{Ag}(\mathrm{s}) ?$
(a) increase in the dimension of Cu electrode
(b) increase in the dimension of Ag electrode
(c) increase in the concentration of $\mathrm{Cu}^{2+}$ ions
(d) increase in the concentration of $\mathrm{Ag}^4$ ions

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Key Concepts

Nernst Equation

The Nernst equation quantifies how the cell potential deviates from its standard value under non?standard conditions. It shows that the potential depends logarithmically on the reaction quotient, which is the ratio of the concentrations (or activities) of the products to the reactants. Hence, increasing the concentration of a reactant that appears in the denominator of the reaction quotient can lead to an increase in the cell voltage.

Concentration Effects on Cell Voltage

Since the Nernst equation relates the cell voltage to ion concentrations, any change in concentration of the species involved in the redox reaction will alter the voltage. Increasing the concentration of the ion that appears in the denominator of the reaction quotient (typically the oxidizing agent in a reduction half?cell) will tend to increase the voltage of the cell, whereas increasing the concentration of a product ion in the numerator will tend to decrease it.

Cell (Electrode) Potential

The voltage of an electrochemical cell is determined by the electrode potentials which are intrinsic properties depending on the chemical nature of the electrodes and the ion concentration in solution. This potential is not affected by the size or surface area of the electrode as long as the system is not limited by mass transport or other non-ideal effects.

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