Which one of the following statements is wrong? (a) Young's...

Which one of the following statements is wrong?
(a) Young's modulus for a perfectly rigid body is zero.
(b) Bulk modulus is relevant for solids, liquids and gases.
(c) Rubber is less elastic than steel.
(d) The Young's modulus and shear modulus are relevant for solids.

Key Concepts

Shear Modulus

Shear modulus measures a material's ability to withstand shear stresses, representing its rigidity against forces that cause layers to slide over one another. It is an essential property in understanding the material response to deformations that are not associated with changes in volume but rather with changes in shape.

Elasticity

Elasticity refers to the ability of a material to return to its original shape after the removal of a load that caused deformation. This concept is central to the study of material behavior because it distinguishes materials that undergo permanent deformation (plastic deformation) from those that can recover fully upon the removal of stress. Differences in elastic behavior are often reflected in contrasting values of properties such as Young’s modulus and shear modulus among various materials.

Young's Modulus

Young's modulus is a measure of a material's stiffness, defined as the ratio of stress (force per unit area) to strain (proportional deformation) in the linear elastic regime of a uniaxial deformation. It quantifies how much a material will stretch or compress when a given load is applied, and a perfectly rigid material would theoretically have an infinite Young’s modulus rather than a zero value.

Bulk Modulus

Bulk modulus quantifies a material’s resistance to uniform compression. It is defined as the ratio of the applied pressure increase to the relative decrease in volume. This parameter is significant across different states of matter including solids, liquids, and gases, indicating the material's compressibility regardless of its structural form.

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