Which pair of descriptors of chemical reactions go together? a. anabolic and exergonic b. exergo

Which pair of descriptors of chemical reactions go together?...

Key Concepts

Exergonic Reaction

An exergonic reaction is a chemical process that releases energy, typically in the form of heat or light, because the total energy of the products is lower than that of the reactants. These reactions occur spontaneously and are important for processes that provide energy to drive cellular functions.

Endergonic Reaction

An endergonic reaction is a chemical process that absorbs energy from its surroundings, meaning that the energy of the products is higher than that of the reactants. Such reactions require an external input of energy to proceed and are often coupled with exergonic reactions to become energetically favorable.

Hydrolysis

Hydrolysis is a type of chemical reaction in which a molecule is broken down into smaller units through the addition of water. This reaction is commonly exergonic, as seen in the breakdown of complex molecules like ATP, where water facilitates the release of energy necessary for various biological activities.

Dehydration Synthesis

Dehydration synthesis, also known as a condensation reaction, is a chemical process where smaller molecules join together to form a larger molecule, while releasing a molecule of water. These reactions are typically endergonic because forming the larger molecule requires an input of energy, often supplied by coupling the reaction with an exergonic process.

Anabolic Reaction

Anabolic reactions are the metabolic pathways that construct larger, more complex molecules from smaller subunits. These reactions generally require an input of energy (endergonic) as they are involved in building and maintaining cell structures and storing energy in the form of chemical bonds.

Catabolic Reaction

Catabolic reactions refer to the metabolic pathways that break down larger molecules into smaller units. These reactions usually release energy (exergonic) which can then be harnessed for cellular activities such as movement, synthesis of new molecules, or maintenance of cellular structure.

Transcript

00:01 Okay, so for this question, we're basically being asked to define all of these different types of chemical reactions and put them into their broad categories and make them similar or different.

00:13 For this question, what i want you to remember is that for basically all of the different types of chemical reactions listed here, all of them tell you something about energy intake or output, basically whether or not energy goes in.

00:30 Into the system or whether energy is released from the system.

00:34 So that is the point that we are comparing all of these reactions on.

00:38 So let's start with our first group.

00:40 We have anabolic and extragonic.

00:42 Anabolic, if you remember, is basically starting from, we have simple compounds here, or maybe molecules or atoms.

00:52 You put energy in in order to have enough energy to form chemical bonds to make a compound or more complex molecule.

01:00 You need this energy in in order to basically form chemical bonds because chemical bonds are basically chemical energy, which is a form of potential energy, and we need to have that energy in the system in order to get from here to here.

01:18 Then we have, on the other hand, exergonic energy, or an exergonic reaction.

01:25 This chart is basically telling how this side has gifts free energy.

01:31 Like over time, it's basically saying that the reactants start at a higher energy level than the products, which means that energy is released at some point during the reaction.

01:42 Here's this little bump that's the activation energy that's needed for the reaction to like actually get going, but the net result is an output of energy.

01:52 And you can look at the name exergonic xers like external like putting out sort of.

01:58 So these are two different.

02:01 Types of reactions so i don't think that this is our option here.

02:08 In the next case we have exergonic which we've already discussed is energy out and dehydration since the synthesis excuse me so a synthesis reaction is kind of like this anabolic reaction where you know we start we make a more complex or compact molecule.

02:26 This is a special case where we take these alcohol bases and when we put energy in to bond these two more simple molecules together, these bases are removed in order to make room for the chemical bond basically and we get a water molecule from that reaction.

02:45 So like an anabolic reaction we need energy input in order to form this chemical bond...

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