Which pairs of liquids will be miscible? (a) H2 O and CH3 CH2 CH2 CH3 (b) C6 H6 (benzene) and CC

Which pairs of liquids will be miscible? (a) H2 O and CH3...

Which pairs of liquids will be miscible? (a) $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$ and $\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{3}$ (b) $\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{6}$ (benzene) and $\mathrm{CCl}_{4}$ (c) $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$ and $\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CO}_{2} \mathrm{H}$

Which pairs of liquids will be miscible?
(a) $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$ and $\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{3}$
(b) $\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{6}$ (benzene) and $\mathrm{CCl}_{4}$
(c) $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$ and $\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CO}_{2} \mathrm{H}$

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Key Concepts

Polarity

Polarity involves the distribution of electrical charge around a molecule, influencing how molecules interact with each other. Polar liquids tend to mix with other polar liquids due to similar charge distributions and interactions, while non-polar liquids mix well together because they rely primarily on dispersion forces.

Hydrogen Bonding

Hydrogen bonding is a specific, strong type of dipole-dipole interaction that occurs when hydrogen is covalently bonded to highly electronegative elements like oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine. Liquids capable of hydrogen bonding tend to mix with other hydrogen-bonding liquids, enhancing miscibility among them.

Miscibility

Miscibility refers to the ability of two liquids to mix together in all proportions without separating into two phases. This concept is governed by the interactions between the molecules of the liquids, specifically whether they can establish favorable intermolecular forces when mixed.

Intermolecular Forces

Intermolecular forces, including hydrogen bonds, dipole-dipole interactions, and dispersion forces, play a crucial role in determining whether two liquids will mix. The strengths and types of these forces in each liquid must be compatible for the liquids to be miscible.

Transcript

00:02 This question asks which of the following pairs of liquids are miscible with each other.

00:08 The first pair is water and butane.

00:21 The second pair is benzene and carbon tetrachloride.

00:32 The third pair is water and acetic acid.

00:43 The important thing to remember when determining whether two liquids will mix with each other is the rule like -dissolves -like, which means that polar liquid, will result will mix with other polar liquids and non -polar liquids will mix with other non -polar liquids.

00:59 So let's go through each pair and determine whether the compounds in question are polar or non -polar.

01:07 The first compound in the first pair is water.

01:11 The structure of water looks like this.

01:15 The bent shape and two oh bonds.

01:20 Oh bonds are polar.

01:23 The dipole moment pointing towards the oxygen.

01:28 So this side of the molecule is overall negative, more negative, and this side of the molecule is overall more positive in charge.

01:40 So water is a polar molecule.

01:46 On the other hand, we have butane.

01:56 Boutine is made exclusively of carbon carbon and carbon hydrogen bonds, both of which are non -polar bonds.

02:04 Therefore, the molecule is non -polar.

02:09 Therefore, these two liquids will be not missable or immiscible...