Why don't his lungs, heart, and chest completely collapse?...

Why don't his lungs, heart, and chest completely collapse? (a) The return balloon helps counteract the external pressure. (b) There is no external force pushing directly on the organs. (c) The sled that helps him descend protects the front of his body. (d) Blood plasma moves from his extremities to his chest and the organs in it. (e) The air originally in the lungs is transferred to the vital organs.

Why don't his lungs, heart, and chest completely collapse?
(a) The return balloon helps counteract the external pressure.
(b) There is no external force pushing directly on the organs.
(c) The sled that helps him descend protects the front of his body.
(d) Blood plasma moves from his extremities to his chest and the organs in it.
(e) The air originally in the lungs is transferred to the vital organs.

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Key Concepts

Blood Shift

Blood shift is a physiological response where blood is redistributed from the extremities to the central organs, such as the heart and lungs, under conditions of increased external pressure. This redistribution helps to maintain adequate internal pressure and volume in the chest, thereby preventing the collapse of these vital organs.

Incompressible Nature of Fluids

The incompressible nature of body fluids, particularly blood plasma, means that they resist compression under high pressure. This property allows the fluids to counterbalance external forces by transferring pressure evenly throughout the body, thereby safeguarding the structure of key organs such as the lungs and heart.

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