Question

Why is cellulose insoluble in water?

   Why is cellulose insoluble in water?

Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry

Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry

Frederick A.… 10th Edition

Chapter 20, Problem 47

Instant Answer

Solved by Expert Catherine M.

07/07/2021

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Cellulose is a polysaccharide composed of long chains of glucose units linked by β-1,4-glycosidic bonds. These chains are linear and can form strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds with each other. Show more…

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Why is cellulose insoluble in water?

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Key Concepts

Molecular Structure of Polysaccharides

Cellulose is a long-chain polymer composed of glucose units linked by ?-1,4-glycosidic bonds. Its structure allows for a linear arrangement, which promotes the formation of extensive hydrogen bonding networks that play a crucial role in its physical properties.

Hydrogen Bonding Networks

Within cellulose, numerous hydroxyl groups engage in strong inter- and intramolecular hydrogen bonding. These bonds stabilize the structure and reduce the accessibility of individual hydroxyl groups to water molecules, thereby limiting the formation of new interactions with water and contributing to insolubility.

Crystallinity

The tight, organized packing of cellulose chains into crystalline regions further enhances its resistance to dissolution. The crystalline structure minimizes the breakdown of the polymer into solvated units by water due to the strong and repetitive hydrogen bonding pattern, leading to insolubility in aqueous environments.

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