Mathematically, it is expressed as:
\[
\oint \vec{B} \cdot d\vec{l} = \mu_0 I_{\text{enc}}
\]
where \(\oint \vec{B} \cdot d\vec{l}\) is the line integral of the magnetic field \(\vec{B}\) around a closed loop, \(\mu_0\) is the permeability of free space, and
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