Problem

Colorful fireworks often involve the decompositio…

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Problem 6 Medium Difficulty

Write a balanced equation describing each of the following chemical reactions.
(a) Solid potassium chlorate, $\mathrm{KClO}_{3},$ decomposes to form solid potassium chloride and diatomic oxygen gas.
(b) Solid aluminum metal reacts with solid diatomic iodine to form solid Al_ride gas and aqueous sodium sulfate
(c) When solid sodium chloride is added to aqueous sulfuric acid, hydrogen chloride gas and aqueous sodium sulfate are produced.
(d) Aqueous solutions of phosphoric acid and potassium hydroxide react to produce aquessium dihydrogen phosphate and liquid water.

Answer

(a) $2 \mathrm{KClO}_{3}(s) \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{KCl}(s)+3 \mathrm{O}_{2}(g)$
(b) $2 \mathrm{Al}(s)+3 \mathrm{I}_{2}(s) \longrightarrow \mathrm{A}_{2} \mathrm{I}_{6}(s)$
(c) $2 \mathrm{NaCl}(s)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}(a q) \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{HCl}(g)+\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}(a q)$
(d) $\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{4}(a q)+\mathrm{KOH}(a q) \longrightarrow \mathrm{KH}_{2} \mathrm{PO}_{4}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l)$

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Video Transcript

This question asks you to balance multiple equations that are provided to balance the equations, you need to make certain that we you have the same number of atoms of each element on both sides of the chemical reaction. Oftentimes when polly atomic ions are present, you can balance the poly atomic ions as if they are a single atom because they are a single independent species. The first one is potassium chlorate decomposing into potassium chloride and oxygen gas. We have three oxygen's and two oxygen's. So one way to balance this would be to put A three happens right here, but then that introduces a fraction. So we're going to have to multiply everything through by two. But in a two here, two here and the three halves will become three for the next one we have P four reacting with 02 Sorry, a. L. Solid reacting with solid die atomic iodine to produce aluminium solid L two I six. To balance this one we have to aluminums one aluminum. So we need to put it to their and six iodine is to iodine. So we need to put a three there. Then we have solid sodium chloride, N. A. C. L. Reacting with Aquarius sulfuric acid. Remember sulfuric acid has the formula H. Two S. 04 This will then produce hydrogen chloride which is hcl chloride with a one minus charge hydrogen with a one plus gives us hcl and acquis sodium sulfate, sodium has a one plus charge. Sulfate has a tu minus charge. So we're going to need to sodium for every sulfate. You make certain that the chemical formulas are correct before balancing the equation or it won't balance correctly. We have to sodium is here. So let's put it to over here that just gave us to chlorine. So we're going to need to put it to their now we have two hydrogen. We have two hydrogen one sulfate, one sulfate. This is balanced and for the last one we have a quiz solutions of phosphoric acid, phosphoric acid is H three P 04 phosphate having a three minus charge, hydrogen having a one plus charge, requires three hydrogen for every phosphate. And potassium hydroxide, potassium has a one plus charge. Hydroxide has a one minus charge. So we're going to need one of each of them in the correct chemical formula. This will produce Aquarius die by potassium di hydrogen phosphate, potassium has a plus one charge. Di hydrogen phosphate has a one minus charge, so we only need one of each of them. In addition, the last product is liquid water. So we have 1234 hydrogen 1234 hydrogen, one phosphorus one phosphorus 12345 oxygen's 12345 oxygen's one potassium one potassium. This is balanced as is

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