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Problem 45 Hard Difficulty

Write a set of quantum numbers for each of the electrons with an n of 4 in a Se atom.

Answer

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Chemistry 101

Chemistry

Chapter 6

Electronic Structure and Periodic Properties of Elements

Discussion

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Julie A.

August 27, 2021

What is the maximum number of electrons contained in an orbital of type (x)? Of type (y)? Of type (z)m

Top Chemistry 101 Educators

Allea C.

University of Maryland - University College

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Video Transcript

problem. 45 from Chapter six is asking us to write a set of quantum numbers for each of the electrons with an end of four in the selenium. Adam. So before we start this question, it is important to refer to the periodic table to see how many Vaillant selections. That's the selenium Adam has in this case, it is six because we're looking at selenium. So let's go ahead and draw our valence electrons in the correct orbital's. So all of these are going to have an end value of four. So this shell is going to be four s, and this shell is four p. Great. So now let's draw in our electrons. So first, we're going to fill up this s show, and now that leaves us with four electrons so we can go ahead and start to fill in R P orbital. So we have one too three and then one electron left and we go ahead and fill this up. All right, so now we're ready to assign quantum number. So we can, um, write out a little table here, So and oh, um, and us and being the, um, the primary quantum number um, as it was stated in the question, all these electrons are going to have a primary quantum number of four. So let's go ahead and write that in for all the electrons. So that's six electrons. Hopefully, I gave myself enough space here. Three or I last one is gonna be really small. Um, okay, so let's go ahead and assign the rest of the quantum numbers to these 1st 2 electrons in this four s orbital. So an s orbital has an l value of zero, Um, theory I and because the L value is zero than the magnetic quantum number is also going to be zero as the ass orbital is just a sphere. Um, it doesn't have any, um, more than one orientation that it could be in. So M is going to be zero. However, these elections are spinning in opposite directions, so they're going to have different values for the spin. One's gonna be plus half and the other one's gonna be minus 1/2. Every electron, um, will have its unique quantum number. Um, so for the 1st 2 elections, they diverge at this point. But for other electrons, they may diverge at other points. So let's go ahead and move on to this P orbital. Um, when it is a P orbital, the L value is one. And so we can go ahead and write that in for the rest of our electrons because they're all in this P orbital if they're in a D orbital than the value would be too. Let's go ahead and start. Um, with these 1st 2 electrons in the first slot, so on M value can be minus l the value of l and plus Oh, so let's start here with minus l. So we'll do minus one. And because these electrons are occupying the same space, that and I have to have a different spin direction. So one will be plus 1/2. Yeah, there will be minus 1/2. And now, because these last two electrons are occupying different spaces, they're going to have different and values. So we'll do zero and one, however there spinning in the same direction in this case. So they will have same spin values. But because they have different values for m, they are, um, characterize differently by the quantum numbers. All right, so there you have it. Um, each electron has its unique quantum number assigned in the valence electrons of the selenium. Adam

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