Write electronic configurations for the valence electrons of 14 Si, 15 P, and 16 S. Indicate

Write electronic configurations for the valence electrons of...

Key Concepts

Orbital Notation

Orbital notation is a concise method of depicting electron configurations that indicates both the type of orbital (s, p, d, f) and the specific electrons residing in each orbital, including their spins. It is a helpful tool for visualizing electron distribution, especially in degenerate orbitals where spin orientation is significant.

Electronic Configuration

Electronic configuration describes the distribution of electrons in the orbitals of an atom. It follows the rules of quantum mechanics and dictates the order in which electrons fill available orbitals, using notations (such as s, p, d, and f) to represent different subshells.

Valence Electrons

Valence electrons are the electrons located in the outermost shell of an atom and are primarily responsible for the chemical properties and reactivity of the element. Their arrangement provides insight into bonding characteristics and participation in chemical reactions.

Electron Spin

Electron spin refers to the intrinsic angular momentum of electrons, which can take one of two possible orientations, often depicted as an upward or downward arrow. This property is crucial in determining the magnetic properties of atoms and is fundamental when considering electron pairing in orbitals.

Hund's Rule

Hund's rule states that when electrons are distributed among degenerate orbitals, they will occupy separate orbitals with parallel spins to minimize electron repulsion. This guideline explains the manner in which electrons are arranged within a set of orbitals and is vital for accurately depicting electron configurations.

Transcript

00:01 The question given is from the topic electronic configuration and the periodic table.

00:04 In this question it is asked that write the electronic configuration for the valence electrons of elements in the first three periods in group a to 80.

00:15 So basically in this question it is asked that what is the electronic configuration that the elements of group 1, a group a which is 1a to 8 a has in the first 3 period.

00:28 Basically the elements that we have in the in 1a group is hydrogen, lithium, sodium.

00:47 So the configurations of these elements would be, this would be 1 s1.

00:57 For the valetron it would be 1s1.

00:59 For lithium it would be the noble gas which is helium 2 s1 and for sodium it would be the novel gas neon 3 s1.

01:09 So that is how we can write the configuration of 1a group.

01:13 Now, for 2a, the elements that we have in first row we don't have an element for the second period we have beryllium.

01:24 For the second period we have beryllium, beryllium and magnesium.

01:34 This has a number of 1, this is a number of 3 and that's the number of 11.

01:38 This is a number of 4 and this is a number of 12.

01:43 So the configuration would be helium, which is 1 is 2, 2 is 2.

01:48 This would be neon which is 10 plus 2 so it would be 2 s2.

01:55 Moving on to 3a configuration.

02:00 In 3a it is asked that there are 3 in this case also will have two elements, boron and aluminum...

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