Write the formula for each of the following compounds: a....

Write the formula for each of the following compounds: a. sulfur difluoride b. sulfur hexafluoride c. sodium dihydrogen phosphate d. lithium nitride e. chromium(III) carbonate f. $\operatorname{tin}(\text { II })$ fluoride g. ammonium acetate h. ammonium hydrogen sulfate i. cobalt(III) nitrate J. mercury(I) chloride k. potassium chlorate 1. sodium hydride

Write the formula for each of the following compounds:
a. sulfur difluoride
b. sulfur hexafluoride
c. sodium dihydrogen phosphate
d. lithium nitride
e. chromium(III) carbonate
f. $\operatorname{tin}(\text { II })$ fluoride
g. ammonium acetate
h. ammonium hydrogen sulfate
i. cobalt(III) nitrate
J. mercury(I) chloride
k. potassium chlorate
1. sodium hydride

Key Concepts

Polyatomic Ions

Polyatomic ions are charged groups of covalently bonded atoms that behave as a single unit in ionic compounds. A good understanding of common polyatomic ions, such as nitrate, phosphate, or acetate, is essential when writing formulas because these ions have fixed compositions and charges that must be balanced with other ions in the compound.

Prefixes in Molecular Nomenclature

Molecular compounds, particularly those composed of nonmetals, often use prefixes (such as mono-, di-, tri-, etc.) in their names to indicate the number of atoms of each element present. Recognizing and correctly interpreting these prefixes is key to writing the appropriate formula for a molecular compound.

Oxidation States and Roman Numerals

In many compound names, particularly those involving transition metals, a Roman numeral in parentheses indicates the oxidation state of the metal ion. This information is critical in determining the correct formula, as it helps identify the charge of the metal ion which must be balanced by the accompanying anion(s).

Ionic Compound Formation

Ionic compounds are formed by the electrostatic attraction between positively charged cations and negatively charged anions. Writing their chemical formulas requires balancing the total positive and negative charges so that the resulting compound is electrically neutral. This often involves determining the least common multiple of the ions’ charges.

Chemical Nomenclature and Formula Writing

This concept involves translating the systematic name of a compound into its correct chemical formula. It requires understanding the rules of chemical naming, including the order in which elements are written, the use of subscripts to denote the number of atoms, and ensuring that the overall formula reflects the compound's composition as indicated by its name.

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