Write the formula for each of the following substances. a....

Write the formula for each of the following substances.
a. sodium peroxide
b. calcium chlorate
c. rubidium hydroxide
d. zinc nitrate
e. ammonium dichromate
f. hydrosulfuric acid
g. calcium bromide
h. hypochlorous acid
i. potassium sulfate
j. nitric acid
k. barium acetate
l. lithium sulfite

Key Concepts

Chemical Nomenclature

This concept involves understanding the systematic rules and conventions used to name chemical compounds. It includes recognizing the names of elements and ions, and knowing how to convert between a compound's name and its chemical formula. The rules cover nomenclature for both ionic and molecular compounds and are essential for writing correct formulas.

Ionic Compounds

Ionic compounds are formed from the electrostatic attraction between positively charged ions (cations) and negatively charged ions (anions). Determining the correct chemical formula of an ionic compound depends on balancing the total positive and negative charges to achieve a neutral compound. This concept is fundamental in writing formulas such as those for metal salts and hydroxides.

Polyatomic Ions

Polyatomic ions are ions composed of two or more atoms covalently bonded together that act as a single charged unit. Familiarity with common polyatomic ions, such as chlorate, nitrate, acetate, and dichromate, is crucial when writing formulas for compounds that include these groups. Understanding their names and charges simplifies the process of formula writing.

Acid Naming Conventions

Acid nomenclature refers to the systematic naming of acids based on their composition. For binary acids, names typically start with 'hydro-' followed by the name of the nonmetal and ending in '-ic acid.' For oxyacids, names are derived from the corresponding polyatomic ion, changing the ending to '-ic acid' for acids with the more common oxygen composition. Mastery of this convention aids in writing the correct chemical formulas for acids.

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