Write the products of the following acid-base reactions: (a) CH3 OH+H2 SO4 ⇌? (b) CH3 OH+NaNH2 ⇌

Write the products of the following acid-base reactions: (a)...

Key Concepts

Brønsted-Lowry Acid-Base Reactions

This fundamental concept explains that acids are proton donors and bases are proton acceptors. It is crucial for understanding reactions where proton transfer leads to the conversion of reactants into their conjugate acids and bases.

Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs

In any acid-base reaction, when an acid donates a proton it becomes its conjugate base, and when a base accepts a proton it becomes its conjugate acid. Recognizing these pairs helps in predicting and balancing the overall chemical reaction.

Deprotonation Reactions

Deprotonation is the process in which a base removes a proton from a molecule, transforming a relatively weak acid into its conjugate base. This concept is essential when analyzing reactions such as the removal of a proton from an alcohol or ammonium ion.

Neutralization Reactions

This concept involves an acid and a base reacting to form a salt and, typically, water. Recognizing neutralization processes is important for predicting the final products when strong bases react with acidic species.

Transcript

00:01 They want us to write the prox of the following acid -based reactions.

00:04 So since these are pretty straightforward, gen -chem ones, we don't need to actually draw everything out, but just to kind of get a little bit of practice, let's go ahead and draw everything.

00:17 So first we have methanol, then we have sulfuric acid.

00:22 So now it would make sense that sulfuric acid is going to end up being our acid because we know it's an extremely strong acid.

00:33 But let's check the pqa's just to make sure.

00:36 So they don't directly give us the pca for methanol, but they give it for ethanol.

00:42 So any of the alcohol groups we would assume should be around the same.

00:47 So this should have a pkk of somewhere in the ballpark of like 16.

00:52 And they don't tell us the pkk of h2s before in the pkk chart that they gave in the chapter, but in the back of the book, they tell us that if one of these hydrogens was replaced with a methyl group, that would be about negative 2.

01:08 And they don't say sulfuric acids, p .k.

01:12 Exactly.

01:13 But this is in the ballpark of about negative 3, if you were to look it up at an outside resource.

01:21 So just kind of using this, let me put a little squiggly line there too.

01:26 So it would make sense that sulfuric acid is going to be our acid.

01:30 If it is going to react because it's the stronger of the two acids.

01:33 So now, let's go ahead and do this reaction.

01:38 So that means our alcohol is going to act as our base.

01:45 So it's going to come over here still one of the hydrogens, and then the bond between the hydrogen and that oxygen is going to break, and the loam pair is going to go towards that other oxygen.

02:01 So now if we were to draw this out, we're going to have this alcohol with two hydrogens, one lone pair because it used one of its lone pairs to form the bond, and then it would have a plus charge on it.

02:14 So we end up with this protonated alcohol, and then sulfuric acid is going to turn into.

02:19 So we still have those two double bonds.

02:22 We still have that top oh group, if nothing changed.

02:26 And then the bottom one will have it accepted a loan pair, so now it should have a negative charge on it.

02:32 And then just to make sure that this actually would occur.

02:40 And looking at the back of the book, i couldn't find what they say a pronate alcohol is.

02:47 But if you were to look at an outside resource, this is about negative 2 .2.

02:54 And so we're going from a stronger acid of negative 3 to a weaker acid of negative 2.

03:00 So it looks like this reaction actually would occur more in the forward direction.

03:04 So that seems good.

03:08 And then what about our next one? so it's methanol again, oh.

03:14 And then we have sodium amid.

03:18 So that's going to look like this here...

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