You have 250 . mL of 0.136 M HCl. Using a volumetric pipet, you take 25.00 mL of that solution a

step 1 Here's a cereal dilutions problem, and I just wanted to say serial dilutions because I think it

You have 250 . mL of 0.136 M HCl. Using a volumetric pipet,...

You have $250 .$ mL of $0.136 \mathrm{M}$ HCl. Using a volumetric pipet, you take $25.00 \mathrm{mL}$ of that solution and dilute it to $100.00 \mathrm{mL}$ in a volumetric flask. Now you take $10.00 \mathrm{mL}$ of that solution, using a volumetric pipet, and dilute it to $100.00 \mathrm{mL}$ in a volumetric flask. What is the concentration of hydrochloric acid in the final solution?

Key Concepts

Conservation of Moles

The principle of conservation of moles underlies dilution calculations, stating that the number of moles of solute remains unchanged when a solution is diluted. This concept allows one to equate the moles before and after dilution, thereby providing a basis for calculating the new, diluted concentration.

Serial Dilution

Serial dilution refers to the stepwise process of diluting a solution multiple times, where a portion of a solution is transferred and diluted repeatedly in new solvents. This method is commonly used to achieve very low concentrations from a highly concentrated stock solution, each step applying its own dilution factor for accurate and consistent results.

Dilution and Dilution Factor

Dilution involves adding solvent to a solution, reducing its concentration while keeping the number of moles of solute constant. The dilution factor, which is the ratio of the final volume to the initial volume, is used to determine how many times the solution's concentration is reduced. In problems involving multiple dilutions, the overall dilution factor is the product of the individual dilution factors.

Molarity

Molarity is a way to express concentration, defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. It is used to quantitatively describe the concentration of solutions and is fundamental in the calculation of how much solute is present in a given volume.

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