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OR
a) Explain the various energy management opportunities in electric motors.
b) Explain the design measures for increasing efficiency in electrical system
\( (8) \)
\( (6) \)
components.
Module III
a) Explain the different techniques of demand side management.
b) An industrial load consists of (i) a synchronous motor of \( 73.5 \mathrm{~kW} \) (ii) induction motors aggregating \( 147.1 \mathrm{~kW}, 0.707 \) power factor lagging and \( 82 \% \) efficiency and (iii) lighting load aggregating \( 30 \mathrm{~kW} \). The tariff is Rs 100 per annum per kVA maximum demand plus 6 paise per \( \mathrm{kWh} \). Find the annual saving in cost if the synchronous motor operates at 0.8 p.f. leading, \( 93 \% \) efficiency instead of 0.8 p.f. lagging at \( 93 \% \) efficiency.
OR
a) Discuss the importance of peak demand control. Explain the different methods used for that.
b) Explain the different types of ancillary services.
Module IV
a) Discuss the energy saving opportunities in boilers.
b) Explain various energy conservation opportunities in furnaces.
OR
a) What are the energy saving opportunities in waste heat recovery system?
b) Explain various types of cogeneration systems.
Module V
a) An energy audit in a factory indicates that the total electrical consumption per year is Rs. \( 5.5 \times 10^{6} \). By upgrading a few motors with high efficiency motors, a \( 15 \% \) saving in energy can be realized. The additional cost of energy efficient motors is Rs. 4,25,000 and the installation cost is Rs. 80,000. Assuming a 15 year life cycle, is the expenditure justifiable on a minimum return of \( 20 \% \). Conduct an economic analysis using present worth method.
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Differentiate between simple pay back period and net present value method.
OR
Explain what do you mean by Life Cycle Costing approach (LCC).
Consider a project which has the following cash flow stream. The cost o \( \mathrm{k} \), for the firm is 10 percent. Calculate the Net Present Value of the propo.