1) A patient presents with a severe headache, photophobia, confusion, and irritability. The nurse providing care for the patient suspects a stroke related to which condition?
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)
Arteriovenous malformation (AVM)
2) Which is the most significant modifiable risk factor for hemorrhagic stroke?
Chronic arterial hypertension
Moderate alcohol consumption
Sickle cell disease
3) Which condition is described as a tangled mass of arteries and veins with a high rate of blood flow that is too rapid for sufficient oxygenation of the surrounding brain cells?
Venous malformation
Arteriovenous malformation (AVM)
Cavernous malformation
4) Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is most likely to occur in which areas of the brain?
Basal ganglia and cerebellum
Cortex and pons
Thalamus and cortex
5) Within which time frame is the risk of neurologic deterioration greatest in patients who present with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)?
First 30 days after the stroke event
First day after the stroke event
First 5 days after the stroke event
6) Which is the most common site of intracranial aneurysm rupture?
The ventricle and the underside of the brain
The area of the brain stem and upper spinal column
The area between the brain and the thin membranes that cover the brain
7) How does primary ICH differ from secondary ICH?
Primary ICH results from cerebral amyloid angiopathy and uncontrolled hypertension.
Primary ICH results from trauma and brain tumors.
Primary ICH can develop in older adult patients who experienced minor head trauma.
8) Which definition best describes a hemorrhagic stroke?
An abnormal perfusion of brain tissue caused by blood vessel leakage or rupture
Blockage of an artery in the brain, leading to cell death
An abnormal connection between arteries and veins in the brain
9) Which term is used to describe a weak spot in an artery wall in the brain that results in bulging or ballooning at the site of the defect?
Intracranial aneurysm
Saccular aneurysm
Subarachnoid defect
10) The nurse should anticipate possible hematoma enlargement in which patient who has suffered a hemorrhagic stroke?
A patient whose initial hematoma was small
A patient with uncontrolled hypertension after onset of the hemorrhage
A patient with existing pulmonary disease