8.
a) - What is the formula for nitric acid?
- What kind of acid is nitric acid (strong or weak)?
- Calculate the [H+] and the pH of a solution of 0.407 M nitric acid.
b) - What is the formula for acetic acid?
- What kind of acid is acetic acid (strong or weak)?
- Calculate the [H+] and pH of a solution of 0.407 M acetic acid.
c) - Compare your results from 8(a) and 8(b).
- Which acid has the lower [H+], nitric acid or acetic acid?
- Which acid has the lower pH, nitric acid or acetic acid?
d) - What is the formula for sodium hydroxide?
- What type of base is sodium hydroxide (weak or strong)?
- Calculate the pH of a solution of 0.407 M sodium hydroxide.
e) - What is the formula for sodium acetate?
- What type of base is sodium acetate (weak or strong)?
Note: Sodium acetate is a salt that completely dissociates in water to form sodium ions and acetate ions. Also note that acetate ion is the conjugate base of acetic acid.
- Calculate the pH of a solution of 0.407 M sodium acetate.
f) - Calculate the pH of a solution that contains 0.407 M acetic acid and 0.407 M sodium acetate.
Hint: First, set up the typical weak acid equilibrium for acetic acid. Then, instead of "0" for initial acetate ion on the product side, you will have 0.407 M from the sodium acetate. Then calculate x as usual for the [H+].