4- Column shaped structure called (trabeculae, osteons, lacunae) are the structural unit
found in compact bone. each structural unit is formed by concentric layers of bone
called (lamellae, trabeculae, lacunae) surrounding a long hollow cavity called (medullary
cavity, bony sinus, lacuna, central canal) which contains blood vessels and nerves.
5- In a typical long bone, most of the spongy bone is found in the (epiphyses, diaphysis,
periosteum, endosteum) and most of the compact bone is found in the (endosteum,
periosteum, diaphysis, epiphyses)
7- Flat bones have an internal and external surface layer of (spongy, compact) bone with a
middle layer of (compact, spongy) bone. the spaces in the middle layer are filled with
(red, yellow) bone marrow.
10- After endochondral ossification is complete in the fetal skeleton, the only cartilage left
behind at birth are the (elastic cartilages, articular cartilage, fibrocartilages) on the
proximal and distal surfaces of the bone and the (articular cartilage, epiphyseal plates,
epiphyseal lines) located within the bone.
11- (calcitonin, calcitriol, parathyroid hormone) causes the increase of calcium absorption in
the kidneys while the hormone (calcitonin, calcitriol, parathyroid hormone) increase
calcium release from bony tissue by increasing the activity of (osteoclasts, osteocytes,
osteoblasts).
12- The breakdown of bone tissue is due to (decreased, increased) pH at the ruffled border
of (osteocytes, osteoblasts, osteoclasts).
13- Which of the following statements is true about intramembranous bone formation?
Select all that apply
It occurs at epiphyseal plates
Begins with mesenchyme templates
Forms long bones
Begins with hyaline cartilage template
Forms flat bones
62- joints containing hyaline cartilage are classified as (syndesmoses, symphyses,
synchondroses, gomphoses) while joints containing fibrocartilage are classified as (symphyses,
gomphoses, synchondroses, syndesmoses)
