5. In Meditation I, Descartes presents the Dream Argument to persuade us that we have reason
to doubt the veracity of our sense experiences. Which of the following arguments is a valid
reconstruction of Descartes's Dream Argument? (1 point)
(a)
P1: There are no definite ways to distinguish my dream experiences from waking experiences.
P2: If beliefs formed via the senses can be certain, then there has to be a way to distinguish
between dreams and waking experiences.
C. We cannot be certain about our beliefs formed via the senses.
(b)
P1: Even if some beliefs are certain, I could be dreaming.
P2: There are no sure signs to distinguish dreaming from being awake.
C: Therefore, only some beliefs are certain.
(c)
P1: If beliefs formed via the senses can be certain, then there has to be a way to distinguish
between dreams and reality.
C: Therefore, there are no definite ways to distinguish my dream experiences from waking
experiences.
(d)
P1: If I cannot distinguish with certainty being awake from being asleep, then I have reason to
doubt my sensory beliefs about my current surroundings.
P2: I cannot distinguish with certainty being awake from being asleep.
P3: So, I have reason to doubt my sensory beliefs about my current surroundings.
(e) both a and d
(f) both b and c