SECTION B
Section B has four questions. Answer THREE (3) questions in this section. Answers should be written in a SINGLE answer booklet.
4. (a) (i) Define the terms 'cardiac output' and 'pulse'. [2]
(ii) Explain how the sequence of events occurring during the cardiac cycle is initiated and controlled. [10]
(Description of the cardiac cycle NOT required)
(b) Clearly distinguish between each of the following: [8]
(i) natural active and artificial active immunity. [2]
(ii) bilateral and radial symmetry. [2]
(iii) open and closed blood systems. [2]
(iv) tissue and organ. [2]
5. (a) (i) Draw a fully labelled diagram of the male OR female reproductive system. [5]
(ii) Describe the process of spermatogenesis for the production of male gametes. [6]
(Hormonal control not required)
(b) Assuming reproductive structures are intact, list two causes for (i) male infertility and two different causes for (ii) female infertility in humans. [4]
(c) Give two functions of the amnion/amniotic fluid. [2]
(d) (i) State the meaning of the term ‘contraception’. [1]
(ii) State one method of contraception for each approach as indicated below: [2]
(a) surgical (b) barrier (c) natural
6. (a) Define the following terms: [3]
(i) in-situ conservation. [1]
(ii) species concept [2]
(b) Discuss the relevance of zoos. Your account should include both positive and negative aspects about zoos. [10]
(c) Describe how the hormone ADH controls the formation of dilute and concentrated urine in the mammalian kidney. [7]
Total 20 marks
© The University of the West Indies Course Code BIOL 0200 April/May 2018
