For each sequence given below, find a closed formula for $a_n$, the nth term of the sequence (assume the first terms here are always $a_0$) by relating it to another sequence for which you already know the formula.
a. 1, 4, 13, 28, 49, 76, ...
$a_n$ =
b. 0, 2, 6, 12, 20, 30, ...
$a_n$ =
c. 1, 2, 9, 28, 65, 126, ...
$a_n$ =
d. 0, 2, 11, 33, 74, 140, ...
$a_n$ =