Which of the following statements about the glycerophosphate and malate-aspartate shuttles is TRUE?
Question 15 options:
Both shuttles serve to mediate transport of FADH2 across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
The glycerophosphate shuttle transports NADH across the outer mitochondrial membrane, while the malate-aspartate shuttle transports NADH across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
The continued operation of the malate-aspartate shuttle requires a cytoplasmic source of oxaloacetate, which can be sustained by aspartate aminotransferase which is found in both cytoplasmic and mitochondrial forms, and interconverts aspartate and oxaloacetate.
The malate-aspartate shuttle is a less energy-efficient means of transporting metabolites across the mitochondrial membrane.
FAD serves as the oxidizing agent in the mitochondrial matrix with the glycerophosphate shuttle.