28.) Conversion of lactate to glucose in liver cells involves how many of the following intermediates?
malate, pyruvate, succinate, fumarate, oxaloacetate, isocitrate, aconitate, glycerol, 2-phosphoglycerate
A) 0
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 6
F) 7
G) 8
29.) 2,3-dimercaptopropanol is an effective treatment for Hg or As poisoning because it
A) displaces the heavy metal from the nitrogen of TPP
D) displaces the heavy metal from the sulfur of lipoamide
B) opens the ring of lipoamide
C) oxidizes TPP
E) opens the ring of TPP
F) reduces CoA
30.) Effectively, how many protons of the gradient across the mitochondrial inner membrane are depleted when ATP synthase
completes a full turn (360°) forming molecules of ATP and relocating them to the cytoplasm?
A) 0
B) 3
C) 4
D) 9
E) 12
F) 27
G) 36