Acct225
Integrative Case #1
Operational information Part 3-Variance
At the beginning of the year, the Calgary Region expanded its product line to include a business suitcase on wheels with a laptop compartment. This product line may be expanded into other regions if the profitability Supports such expansion. Your analysis will assist in decision making not just for the existing Calgary region operations but also for potential expansion into other regions. Based on research conducted, regional managers established the following standards for each suitcase.
Standard Quantity or Hours Direct materials 1.20 kilograms Direct labour .80 hours Variable manufacturing overhead0.30 machine-hours Total standard cost
Standard Price of Rate
Standard Cost
$5.00 per kilogram $4.00 per hour $3.00 per machine hour
$6.00 3.20 .90 $10.10
Management made the commitment to prepare a flexible budget and conduct variance analysis to support decision making for future production and product line decisions. The December income statement presented represent the flexible budget at 14,800 suitcases. Additional information respecting this product line: Normal volume is 14,950 suitcases per year; fixed costs are allocated using machine-hours.
Flexible Budget $444,000
Actual $444,000
Sales (14,800 suitcases) Less: Variable expenses: Variable cost of goods sold* 149,480 Variable selling expenses 19,700 Total variable expenses 169,180 Contribution Margin 274.820 Less: Fixed expenses Manufacturing overhead 128,000 Selling and administration 82,880 Total fixed expenses 210,880 Net income $63,940 *Contains direct materials, direct labour, and variable manufacturing overhead.
156,270 19,700 175,970 268.030
128,000 82,880 210,880 $57,150
The managers have provided you the following additional information respecting operations and costs for the year:
1. 30,100 kilograms of materials were purchased at a cost of $3.70 per kilogram. 2. inventories are insignificant and do not need to be examined) 3. 11,800 direct labour-hours were worked at a cost of $5 per hour. 4. Variable manufacturing overhead cost totalling $15,400 for the month was incurred. A total of 4,400 machine-hours was recorded. 5. All variances are closed to cost-of-goods sold at the end of the fiscal period.
Requirement #3 (15 marks)
1. Compute the following variances (be sure to clearly label the name of each variance presented)
a. Direct materials variances
b. Direct labour variances
c.Variable overhead variances
d. Fixed overhead variances
2. Provide an explanation to managers of potential causes of the variance results (both positive and negative variances) for two of the variances from a, b, c or d above (including each specific variance for each) Include in your explanation any variances that have relationships with each other. (2 marks)
