4IR Disruptions
Technology and digitization will revolutionize everything, making the overused and often ill-
used adage \"this time is different -- It is unique\" apt. Simply put, major technological
innovations are on the brink of fuelling momentous change throughout the world. The scale
and scope of change explain why disruption and innovation feel so acute today. The speed of
innovation in terms of both its development and diffusion is faster than ever.
4.1 How is 4IR unique? Explain with examples.
(5 Marks)
4.2 In the 4IR era, more wealth is being created with lesser labour and funding. How does 4IR
influence this?
(10 Marks)
4.3 Standard streetlights are costly for municipalities to maintain and operate, and in some
cases contain poisonous gases as well as being vandalised by hoodlums. How can the use
of new technologies (4IR) impact on the improvement of the streetlights?
(15 Marks)