1. When silicon chips are fabricated, defects in materials (e.g., silicon) and manufacturing errors can result in defective circuits. A very common defect is for one signal wire to get “broken” and always register a logical 0. This is often called a “stuck-at-0” fault.
4.4.1 Which instructions fail to operate correctly if the MemToReg wire is stuck at 0?
4.4.2 Which instructions fail to operate correctly if the ALUSrc wire is stuck at 0?