Problem 3: 60 points
The figure below shows 12 VDC phone charger circuit to power phone (load resistance): It first uses alternating single phase voltage source ($120 \sin (2 \pi \cdot 50 \cdot \text{time})$ input, then uses step down transformer to reduce it by factor of ($n:1$), then uses full circuit rectifier to flip negative voltage to positive, and lastly it uses capacitor and resistor in series ($0.001F$, $100 \Omega$) to reduce signal ripple supplied to external load of ($10k \Omega$). The resultant is constant voltage across capacitor. Therefore, one can connect external load (such as phone) across capacitor to provide it with required DC voltage.
Rectifier Circuit
1- Construct circuit above and use default transformer with proper (trial and error) ratio $n$ to obtain 12 VDC across the load. Use Backward Differentiation Formula and run the simulation for short time (0.5 second). Show simulation plot, parameters, and discuss.
2- Derive the equation that describe output voltage across capacitor, and input voltage source. Show derivation, and discuss
3- Find reference book/articles related to the above application. Read, summarize and discuss.
