3. Assuming that gcd(a, b) = 1, prove the following:
a. gcd(a + b, a - b) = 1 or 2
b. gcd(2a + b, a + 2b) = 1 or 3
c. gcd(a + b, a² + b²) = 1 or 2
d. gcd(a + b, a² - ab + b²) = 1 or 3
4. Prove that if gcd(a, b) = 1, then gcd(a + b, ab) = 1
5. Determine all the solutions in the integers of the following
Diophantine equations:
a. 56x + 72y = 40
b.24x + 138y = 18