The carboxylation of pyruvate by pyruvate carboxylase occurs at a very low rate unless acetyl-CoA, a positive allosteric modulator, is present. If you have just eaten a meal rich in fatty acids (triacylglycerols) but low in carbohydrates (glucose), how does this regulatory property shut down the oxidation of glucose to COâ‚‚ and Hâ‚‚O but increase the oxidation of acetyl-CoA derived from fatty acids?
Fatty acid catabolism [BLANK] the level of acetyl-CoA, which [BLANK] pyruvate carboxylase. The resulting [BLANK] in oxaloacetate concentration [BLANK] acetyl-CoA consumption through the citric acid cycle, causing the citrate and ATP concentrations to [BLANK]. These metabolites [BLANK] both glycolysis at phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1) and pyruvate dehydrogenase, effectively [BLANK] the metabolism of sugars and pyruvate.