A boy is pestering his mother for candy in the grocery store, whining for candy, saying things like, "I want candy! Please? Just this once! Oh, come on!?" His mother ignores him for ten minutes, but finally gives in and says, "Here it is. Just stop whining!" If the boy engages in more whining, and the mother gives in even more easily, which of the following would explain this behavior?
Negative punishment
Positive punishment
Negative reinforcement
Positive reinforcement