1. A simple random sample of n = 25 adult residents of Santa Cruz County was surveyed. The mean height of the adults in the sample was 163 centimeters, with a standard deviation of 5.5 centimeters. Find a 90%-confidence interval for the mean height of all adult residents of the county. What assumption(s) do you need to make, if any, about the distribution of adult heights in the county?
2. The Whoville MicroMarble Company (WMMC) produces industrial grade micro marbles, and sells them in small plastic urns that are advertised as containing 50 grams of micro-marbles. The WMMC urns are filled by a technologically advanced Automatic Urn Filler (AUF), but there have been many complaints from customers of under-filled urns, (as well as concerns from the company's board of overfilled urns).
(a) An intrepid marble industry investigator studying the issue, breaks into the WMMC warehouse late one night, and weighs the contents of a simple random sample of 36 filled WMMC urns. She finds that the mean weight of marbles in the sample urns is $\bar{x}$ = 51.2 gms, with a standard deviation of $s_x$ = 1.02 gms. Use these statistics to find a 90%-confidence interval for the mean weight of micro marbles in all of the tens of thousands of filled urns in the WMMC warehouse. Show your work.
(b) As the complaints (and concerns) mount, the WMMC board hires a quality control engineer to maintain the calibration of the AUF. At the end of each day's production run, the engineer takes a random sample of 10 of the thousands of urns filled that day, and tests the hypothesis pair
$H_0: \mu = 50$ gms, $H_A: \mu \neq 50$ gms,
where $\mu$ is the mean weight of micro marbles in all the urns filled that day. According to company policy, the engineer uses a 1% significance level for these tests, and if the null hypothesis is rejected, production is halted and the AUF is recalibrated. One day, the engineer's sample statistics are $\bar{x}$ = 49.4 gms, and $s_x$ = 1.21 gms. Should the AUF be recalibrated? Show your work and explain your answer. What assumptions (if any) are necessary to justify your calculations?