Which of the following patient scenarios most urgently requires referral by the nurse practitioner to a specialist or emergency department due to the nature of their headache?
Which of the following patient scenarios most urgently requires referral by the nurse practitioner to a specialist or emergency department due to the nature of their headache?
A patient experiencing a tension-type headache with mild to moderate pain, triggered by stress, and no accompanying nausea or vomiting.
A patient experiencing a new-onset cluster headache characterized by severe unilateral orbital pain, redness in the eye (conjunctival injection), and nasal congestion on the same side.
A patient suffering from migraine without aura, reporting moderate to severe throbbing pain, nausea with vomiting, and sensitivity to light and sound.
A patient with chronic migraine, having headaches on more than 15 days per month, including menstrual-related migraine episodes.