Suppose a researcher is testing someone to see whether she or he can tell Soda X from Soda Y, and the researcher is using
20
trials, half with Soda X and half with Soda Y. The null hypothesis is that the person is guessing.
a. About how many should the researcher expect the person to get right under the null hypothesis that the person is guessing?
b. Suppose person A gets
17
right out of
20,
and person B gets
11
right out of 20.
Which will have a smaller p-value, and why?