Fewer than 200,000 people in the U.S. are albino, a congenital condition caused by an inability to make sufficient amounts of melanin, which is responsible for skin pigment. As a result, people with albinism appear white, with yellowish-white hair, and very light eye color. In many African countries, albinos are also relatively rare, but are treated rather differently to the way they normally are in the U.S. and elsewhere. Local witch doctors in countries such as Tanzania claim that albino infants, children, and adults should be hunted and killed, since it is believed that potions made from the body parts of dead albinos have magical powers. In some countries, it is believed that raping an albino woman is a cure for H.I.V. infection, and in general, albinos suffer from social stigma and persecution.
Evaluate the morality of how albinos are treated in certain African countries from the point of view of:
a) relativism (both individual and group)
b) act and rule utilitarianism
c) Rawls' theory
d) libertarianism
In discussing these theories, you must clearly explain: 1) what each theory claims morality is, 2) the evidence supporters of each theory typically use when attempting to show their theory is the best moral theory, 3) what you think each theory would likely say about how albinos are treated in parts of Africa, and 4) problems that exist for each theory.