3 Apparatus
• 1 x Power supply
• 2 x Digital multimeters
• 1 x Breadboard box
• 2 x Banana to banana electrical leads
• 4 x Banana to alligator electrical leads
• 6 x Light Emitting Diode (LED)
• Red snap action keyboard switches
• Resistors from the mobile trolley
• Prototyping wires
1
4 Rear lights specifications
The combined stop-rear lights circuit design is to conform to the following speci-
fications:
1. Needs to illuminate 6 LEDs distributed in a grid pattern (e.g. 3 rows x 2
columns, or 2 rows x 3 columns).
2. The intensity ratio between the bright (stop) and dim (rear position) modes is
100/30 (i.e. 100% intensity in stop mode, and 30% intensity in rear position
mode).
3. All LEDs are to have equal current flowing through them (equal brightness).
4. Current through each LED is to be no greater than 75 mA.
5. The circuit is to be powered using the car battery.
The car battery is described as 14 V when fully charged, and 12 V at 85%
discharge. Ensure that specification 4 is met for these battery states.
You may:
? use any resistor.
• use up to 3 switches.
Consider issues of cost, robustness, number of components and any other fac-
tors in making a good design.
In order to help you with the design task, we provide an example on how to
illuminate a single LED functioning as stop-rear light.