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XRP589

XRP589

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ANSWERED

Shu Naito verified

Numerade educator

The following results were obtained by particle counting technique during the coagulation of a hydrosol at 25ºC by an excess amount of 1:1 indifferent electrolyte: Time, min 0 2 3 5 8 11 15 Particle concentration, 108 per cm3 114 10.6 7.1 4.4 2.8 2.0 1.5 Calculate a second-order rate constant k2 and compare it with the calculated rate constant on the assumption that coagulation is a diffusion controlled process. The coefficient of viscosity of water at 25ºC is 8.9x10-4kg/m.s. (From D.J Shaw, prob. 24)

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INSTANT ANSWER

You are given the following two systems: System 1: fused quartz particles in octane; System 2: Hexadecane particles in water; The Hamaker constants of the pure materials/fluids are all known (×10-20 J): fused quartz: 6.3, octane:4.5, hexadecane: 5.2, water: 3.7. Calculate the effective Hamaker constants for the two systems. Do you expect attractive or repulsive vdW forces for the systems?

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INSTANT ANSWER

Hydrocarbons such as gasoline have the specific conductivity many order of magnitudes lower than that of aqueous solutions. What would be the hazardous implication of this if hydrocarbons are handled by high-pressure pumping? What should be the remedy?

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ANSWERED

Breanna Ollech verified

Numerade educator

3. In streaming potential measurements, an electric field is created between two measuring electrodes when a liquid (an electrolyte) is forced to flow past a stationary charged surface by applying a hydraulic pressure difference, p. The potential between the electrodes is referred to as the streaming potential, Estr, which can be calculated by an equation similar to the one given for electro-osmosis. However, the electrokinetic ratio V/I of the electro-osmosis equation needs to be replaced by the ratio (Estr / p). If an electrolyte such as 10-3M NaCl having a conductivity 1.26x10-2ohm-1m-1 at 25ºC is forced to flow in a glass capillary tube with an applied pressure of 760 mm Hg, what would be the streaming potential measured between the electrodes? Zeta potential at the glass-electrolyte interface is to be taken 50mV.

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Crystal Wang verified

Numerade educator

In the filtration of ultrafine particles, the formation of a filter cake hinders the rate of filtration. How can we possibly make use of the electrokinetic phenomena, and under what conditions, to improve the filter cake permeability and to increase the filtrate rate through both the cake and the filter medium?

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ANSWERED

Penny Riley verified

Numerade educator

1. What is the zeta potential of a particle that displays an electrophoretic mobility of 10-8 m2V-1s-1 in water at 25ºC, assuming very small particles with reference to the thickness of the EDL?

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