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Chemistry: Introducing Inorganic, Organic and Physical Chemistry
In a titration, a solution of $0.200 \mathrm{moldm}^{-3} \mathrm{NaOH}$ solution is added from a burette to $30.0 \mathrm{cm}^{3}$ of $0.100 \mathrm{moldm}^{-3} \mathrm{HNO}_{3}$
solution in a conical flask. Calculate the pH of the solution (Section $7.4)$ :
(a) before any NaOH is added;
(b) after addition of $5.0 \mathrm{cm}^{3}$ of the NaOH solution;
(c) after addition of $10.0 \mathrm{cm}^{3}$ of the NaOH solution;
(d) at the equivalence point;
(e) after addition of $20.0 \mathrm{cm}^{3}$ of the NaOH solution.
