The pursuit of science often changes our understanding or perception of long-held beliefs. Popular culture has long described Neanderthals as "ugly, hairy cavemen with big brains but no wits...hulking brutes who communicated by grunting, walked like chimps, and hit each other over the head with clubs." People originally thought that Neanderthals were driven to extinction as modern humans expanded their territory into what is now known as Europe. What evidence has changed this original idea? Choose one: A. sophisticated tools B. Neanderthal DNA in modern human DNA C. cave art depicting the two groups of hominins living together D. fossilized vocal bones
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Starting with the work of Thomas Huxley, Charles Darwin based his theory of human origins on which set of observations? A. Humans are bipedal while other apes are not; humans have smaller canines than chimps, gorillas, or orangutans; humans are tool users; and humans have larger brains. B. There was an excellent fossil record of human evolution from which Huxley and Darwin concluded that humans had a close evolutionary relationship with the African apes. C. Humans are bipedal while other apes are not, humans have larger canines than other apes, humans are tool users, and humans have larger brains. D. Since the fossil record known at the time linked humans and orangutans, both Huxley and Darwin assumed humans evolved in Asia. 2. What new tool type is associated with Homo erectus? A. Oldowan core scrapers B. Acheulian tools such as bifaces C. Mousterian knives D. Paleolithic spear points 3. What stone tool technology was first hafted to make thrusting spears? A. Oldowan B. Mousterian C. Late Paleolithic D. Acheulian 4. The morphology of the Paleoindian skull from Kennewick indicates that it A. looks quite different from modern Native Americans' skulls. B. is about 3,000 years old. C. was recovered from an elaborate burial. D. represents an early Eskimo population. 5. Archaic Homo sapiens A. is dated to the late Pliocene. B. is often found with Oldowan stone tools. C. shows a mixture of Homo erectus and Homo sapiens traits. D. occurs only in Europe and Asia.
Sri K.
A revolution in the study of human evolution is under way due to the invention of techniques that enable DNA sequencing not only of modern humans but also of ancient humans (introduced in Chapter 20 ). Svante Pääbo and colleagues sequenced the Neanderthal genome from fossils and compared the sequences to modern humans. According to the data shown here, did the two species interbreed when they overlapped in Europe? Explain.
A revolution in the study of human evolution is under way due to the invention of techniques that enable DNA sequencing not only of modern humans but also of ancient humans (introduced in Chapter 20 ). Neanderthals disappeared about 40,000 years ago when the modern human population increased. This is an example of what outcome(s) of secondary contact (see Table 24.3)? Predict one way this result might have come about.
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