1 briefly describe 2 general mechanisms of immunity innate...

1; Briefly describe 2 general mechanisms of immunity (innate and adaptive) and give 2 examples for each. 2. What are CD4+ T cells (helper T cells) and what is their role in immune system 3. What are CD8+ T cells (cytotoxic T cells) and what is their role in immune system 4. What are B cells and what is their role in immune system 5; What specific cells of the immune system HIV infects and how does that affect the general mechanisms of immunity?

Transcript

00:01 Hello everyone, let's get started.

00:03 The question is about immune system or immunity.

00:10 So we have adopt immunity as well as immediate immunity.

00:14 So let's discuss about innate immunity first.

00:20 So innate immunity is also known as a natural or native immunity.

00:27 It provides early line defense against microbes.

00:30 It consists of cellular as well as biochemical defense defense mechanism that are in place even before infection and are poised to respond rapidly to infections.

00:46 The mechanisms of innate immunity of specific for structures that are common to groups of related microbes and may not distinguish fine differences between them.

00:56 So the principal components of this innate immunity are there are physical barriers.

01:01 Chemicals barriers such as epithelium epithelia or antimicrobial chemicals produced of the epithelial surfaces whereas phycosite phagocytic cells and phagocytic cells like neutrophils macrophages dendatic cells and natural killer cells so there are blood proteins including members of complement system and other mediators of innate immunity.

01:48 So in this innate immunity, what happens is, for example, a virus or any organism that enters, it activates and whereas in the epithelium, for example, in epithetium, some proteins will release or the innate immunity activated when the cells is specialized sets of receptors.

02:11 Like the prrs means the pattern recognition receptors to vaguely, different types of mechanisms that have managed to penetrate the host.

02:24 Biling to these receptors activate limited number of basic microbial disposal mechanisms such as phagocytosis bacteria by macrophages and neophrophages and neutrophils are are these of antiviral interferes.

02:47 So these are all involved in the innate immunity or mechanisms of innate immunity.

02:53 Whereas when comes to the adaptive immunity, so the adaptive immunity involves adaptive immunity is also not a specific or acquired immunity.

03:10 Recognizes and reacts to a large number of microbial as well as non -micrial substances.

03:18 The defining characteristics of adaptive immunity are the ability to distinguish within different substances we call it as a specificity for a particular substance and ability to respond more vigorously repeated exposure to the same micro we call it as a memory.

03:36 So memory cells will be released.

03:39 The unique components of adaptive immunity are called as lymphocytes...

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