00:01
Hello, this is biology instructor nicole.
00:03
Let's take a look at your very relevant question here about sars -cov -2 as a not all specifically about that, but of course very relevant right now.
00:15
So question one, compare the rna -dependent rna polymerases utilized by sars -cov -2 and the dna -dependent rna -prolimerases as in classic central dogma, which has a higher fidelity and why.
00:33
If you'd like to use pubmed, i recommend that to look up some resources to back this up.
00:39
I will tell you from the reading i have done and that this is, okay, let's see, rna dependent polymerate, which has higher fidelity.
00:49
Let's start there.
00:52
Okay, dna dependent polymerases have higher fidelity.
01:17
I apologize.
01:17
My pen seems to not be writing quite as smooth as normal.
01:20
Today.
01:25
Let's try a different color.
01:27
Maybe that'll help.
01:29
And the reason, i think that actually did help to a point.
01:39
This is because they possess or they have a proofreading activity, which the rna polymerases do not have.
02:15
They're able to correct their mistakes by proofreading ability performed by nucleases.
02:23
Let me say that.
02:26
So on other, and then.
02:28
Enzymes called nucleases.
02:30
I can say nuclease enzymes to make it clear, which rna dependent polymerases do not have.
02:55
Okay, and i won't say too much more about this now because i think more will come up in the other questions.
03:03
Limerases do not have.
03:04
All right, so let's go ahead to question number two.
03:10
What are genomic hotspots? considering covid -19 is caused by a novel virus among humans.
03:16
What processes might these areas of the genome be critical to? so you've started to answer this one.
03:25
They're areas that mutate a lot.
03:28
And that high rate of mutation is related to number one.
03:32
That lower fidelity of the rna -dependent polymerases means you're going to have more mutations, more mistakes, which may sound like a disadvantage.
03:40
But as far as the sars -cov -2 virus, it actually presents more opportunities for adaptation.
03:49
Each mutation provides opportunities for more adaptation for the virus to be more efficient and more infective and reproduce more.
04:01
So here you've said it means it is not an essential part of the virus, but i would not, i would challenge you on this.
04:10
I would say you need to reconsider this part right here.
04:18
Just because it's constantly changing doesn't mean it's not essential.
04:22
So the processes it might be critically enabling are, keep in mind again, this is a novel virus.
04:30
This is the first time it's encountered humans.
04:34
So i'd say that those areas that we see that are mutating a lot are critical enabling are the processes of binding...