1. In what form and by what mechanism are carbohydrates absorbed through your small intestine? (2 pts) 2. Enzymes of course are proteins. a. What effect do pepsin and a very low pH in our stomach have on proteins? (2 pts) b. What is the effect of intestinal and pancreatic peptidases and proteases on proteins and peptides? (2 pts) c. In what form and by what mechanism are proteins absorbed in adults? (See Silvethorn Figure 21-17) (2 pts) d. What is the likelihood of an adult absorbing a whole enzyme through their small intestine? (1 pt) e. How do you think your immune system would react to a whole foreign protein in your blood? (2 pts)
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Pepsin is an enzyme that is secreted by the stomach and functions to break down proteins into smaller peptides. It works optimally at a very low pH, which is created by the secretion of hydrochloric acid in the stomach. The low pH denatures the proteins, unfolding Show more…
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Q1) The digestion and absorption of starch involves hydrolysis to glucose A. followed by an antiport mechanism of absorption. B. followed by phosphorylation and absorption of the glucose phosphate. C. followed by absorption after conjugation with glutathione. D. followed by absorption via a symport mechanism. E. after endocytosis of starch by intestinal epithelial cells. Q2) Pancreatic enzymes cannot catalyze the complete digestion of dietary proteins to amino acids in the intestine because A. pancreatic proteases are zymogens. B. the pH in the small intestine is unfavorable for activity of pancreatic proteases. C. pancreatic proteases are endopeptidases. D. bacteria destroy pancreatic proteases in the small intestine. E. pepsin from the stomach is required to activate pancreatic proteases. Q3) Absorption of all the major nutrients (fat, protein, polysaccharide) from the gut has which of the following characteristics? A. Active transport is required. B. ATP hydrolysis, when employed, results in heat production, not useful work. C. The products absorbed are typically derived by hydrolysis of larger molecules. D. Absorption results exclusively in entry into the portal circulation. E. In each case where ATP is employed, the absorbed substance is phosphorylated.
Adi S.
1. Name the following: (a)It digests carbohydrates, proteins and fats in the small intestine. (b) It transports the nutrients from the undigested food to every cell of the body. (c) It breaks down starch into sugar in the mouth. (d) It produces bile juice. (e) It secretes pepsin. (f) They are building blocks of proteins. (g) It protects the lining of the stomach. (h) It secretes pancreatic juice.
Aparna S.
1. The proteins we consume in our diets are broken down to amino acids. Which of the following are events in the process of protein digestion? Select all that apply. a) Amino acids transported by intestinal capillaries b) Bile salts released in the small intestine c) Transported as chylomicrons d) Dipeptidases on the intestinal surface break down short peptides into amino acids e) Pepsin released in the stomach 2. Enzymes are necessary for digestion of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. Which of the following statements are FALSE regarding enzymes? Select all that apply a) Enzymes have specificity. b) Enzymes are altered in reactions. c) Enzymes are involved in catabolic and anabolic reactions. d) Enzymes are always functional. e) Enzymes are protein catalysts.
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