Question

1) Suppose that extra fingers and toes are caused by a recessive trait, but it has low penetrance and only appears in 25% of homozygous recessive individuals. Two heterozygous parents are expecting a female child, whom they decide to name Helen. What is the probability that Helen will be born with extra fingers and toes? 2) When Helen is born, she does not have extra fingers or toes. Helen marries Jack, who happens to be heterozygous for the same trait. Helen and Jack ultimately have 8 children, 2 of which are born with extra toes. Based on these observations, what is the most likely genotype for Helen? Is it possible that Helen could be another genotype? Argue why you chose one over the other, and support your argument with mathematical calculations of probability.

          1) Suppose that extra fingers and toes are caused by a recessive
trait, but it has low penetrance and only appears in 25% of
homozygous recessive individuals. Two heterozygous parents are
expecting a female child, whom they decide to name Helen. What is
the probability that Helen will be born with extra fingers and
toes?
2) When Helen is born, she does not have extra fingers or toes.
Helen marries Jack, who happens to be heterozygous for the same
trait. Helen and Jack ultimately have 8 children, 2 of which are
born with extra toes. Based on these observations, what is the most
likely genotype for Helen? Is it possible that Helen could be
another genotype? Argue why you chose one over the other, and
support your argument with mathematical calculations of
probability.

Added by Erika R.

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