Question

1. The phases of mitosis and meiosis are each characterized by distinct events which can be observed by microscopy. Next to each of the descriptions below, indicate the phase of mitosis or meiosis that is being described. (Note: for some of the descriptions, more than one answer may apply). Choose from the following: prophase; prometaphase; metaphase; anaphase; telophase; prophase I; metaphase I; anaphase I; telophase I; prophase II; metaphase II; anaphase II; telophase II a) Chromosomes begin to condense b) Sister chromatids separate after cohesins are cleaved c) The nuclear envelope disintegrates d) Homologous pairs of chromosomes align in the center of the cell. e) Microtubule pulling forces create tension across kinetochores from sister chromatids 2. Mitosis and meiosis are both cellular processes used for reproduction. Mitosis is cellular reproduction, in which two identical daughter cells are produced. Meiosis, on the other hand, is important for gamete formation and is therefore required for organisms to reproduce sexually. a. Draw the configuration of a pair of homologous chromosomes attached to the spindle in metaphase of mitosis and then in metaphase I of meiosis. Explain how these configurations are different from each other. In one of your drawings, label homologous chromosomes, sister chromatids, and kinetochores b. How many kinetochores are there in a human cell at mitosis? Explain your answer. c. Why are kinetochores important?

          1. The phases of mitosis and meiosis are each characterized
by distinct events which can be observed by microscopy. Next to
each of the descriptions below, indicate the phase of mitosis or
meiosis that is being described. (Note: for some of the
descriptions, more than one answer may apply).
Choose from the following: prophase; prometaphase; metaphase;
anaphase; telophase; prophase I; metaphase I; anaphase I; telophase
I; prophase II; metaphase II; anaphase II; telophase II
a) Chromosomes begin to condense       
                 
                 
      
b) Sister chromatids separate after cohesins are cleaved
           
c) The nuclear envelope
disintegrates                
                           
d) Homologous pairs of chromosomes align in the center of the
cell.
e) Microtubule pulling forces create tension across kinetochores
from sister chromatids
2. Mitosis and meiosis are both cellular processes used for
reproduction. Mitosis is cellular reproduction, in which two
identical daughter cells are produced. Meiosis, on the other hand,
is important for gamete formation and is therefore required for
organisms to reproduce sexually.
a. Draw the configuration of a pair of homologous chromosomes
attached to the spindle in metaphase of mitosis and then in
metaphase I of meiosis. Explain how these
configurations are different from each other. 
In one of your drawings, label homologous chromosomes, sister
chromatids, and kinetochores
b. How many kinetochores are there in a human cell at mitosis?
Explain your answer.
c. Why are kinetochores important?

Added by Roger G.

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