1) The type of bone growth in which bones form directly from mesenchyme is called a) intramembranous ossification b) appositional ossification c) interstitial ossification 2) Which of these is not a step in intramembranous ossification? a) compact bone replaces woven bone b) osteoid calcifies c) woven bone forms d) a bony collar forms around the bone 3) Which of the following statements about woven bone is false? a) It is characteristic of the development of embryonic flat bones. b) It contains no trabeculae. c) It is the same as spongy bone of adults. 4) Which of the following is true regarding endochondral ossification? a) Bone begins replacing the cartilage model shortly after birth. b) The majority of the bones of the body are formed in this way. c) The epiphysis gets its blood supply from the diaphyseal periosteal bud. d) The marrow cavity is the first bony structure to form. 5) Which of the following is true regarding bone remodeling? a) If osteoblasts are more active than osteoclasts, more bone will be resorbed than formed. b) Bone remodeling occurs at the same rate in all bones of the body. c) Bone remodeling can occur to help us maintain adequate concentrations of calcium and phosphate in our blood. d) Osteoblasts function to break down bone. 6) In osteoporosis, bone resorption occurs at a faster rate than the deposition of new bone. Using your knowledge of bone cells, you reason that the cause of this must be an increase in activity and number of a) Osteocytes b) Osteoclasts c) Osteoprogenitor cells d) Osteoblasts
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1. In the formation of bones in utero (as a fetus, before the child is born): a. Endochondral ossification forms most bones of the body by replacing a hyaline cartilage model with bone. b. Intramembranous ossification forms the bones of the cranium first. Then, after the child is born, endochondral ossification will occur, forming the other bones of the body. c. Intramembranous ossification forms the skull cap bones by replacing hyaline cartilage with bone. d. None of the statements are true about the formation of bones in utero. e. Compact bone is first formed, then remodeled into cancellous bone where needed. 2. Bone, cartilage, tendons/ligaments are all types of connective tissue and share some of the same molecules within each of their matrices. Cartilage acts as a good shock-absorber, whereas bone and tendons/ligaments are not. Which molecule is found at high amounts within the matrix of cartilage, allowing it to have a low-friction surface and act as a good shock-absorber? a. Calcium b. Chondrocytes c. Proteoglycans d. Elastin e. Collagen 3. Which type of bone, based on histology, is found primarily at the outer part of the diaphysis of a long bone but does not form the majority of the epiphysis of the long bone? a. Endosteum b. Periosteum c. Bone marrow d. Cancellous e. Compact
Sri K.
1. Which of the following is NOT a function of bones? a. fat storage b. formation of red blood cells c. formation of white blood cells d. calcium storage e. all of the above are functions of bones. 2. When a bone breaks, new bone is formed by which of the following bone cells: a. osteocytes b. osteogenic cells c. osteoclasts d. osteoblasts. 3. Which of the following structures is not found in the central canal that travels along the center of the osteon? a. nerves b. arteries c. synovial fluid d. veins. 4. You are likely to find yellow bone marrow in which of the following bones: a. femur (thigh bone) b. humerus (upper arm bone) c. skull d. rib cage e. vertebral column (the backbone). 5. The smallest structural unit of bone tissue is called a(n) osteon. 6. The vertebral column is made of how many bones? (write the appropriate number) Answer: 33. 7. The vertebral column (backbone) is part of the axial skeleton. True False. 8. The skeletal system of the fetus begins entirely as cartilage. True False. 9. The term "slipped disk" refers to when an intervertebral disk slips or shifts out of place. True False. 10. When someone sprains their ankle, they are stretching or even tearing a ligament associated with the ankle. True False.
Adi S.
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