Question

1. What are the four chordate shared characteristics (synapomorphies) and what is the function of each structure for a chordate animal? 2. The evolution of jaws is considered to be a key innovation in vertebrate evolution. What advantage do jawed vertebrates (gnathostomes) have when compared to jawless fishes (agnathan, hagfish, and lamprey)? 3. What groups of vertebrates have an amniotic egg? What advantage do amniotes have over non-amniote vertebrates (e.g. fishes and amphibians)? 4. How did the origin of jaws, lungs, limbs, and the amniotic eggs affect the course of vertebrate evolution?

          1. What are the four chordate shared characteristics (synapomorphies) and what is the function of each structure for a chordate animal?
    2. The evolution of jaws is considered to be a key innovation in vertebrate evolution. What advantage do jawed vertebrates (gnathostomes) have when compared to jawless fishes (agnathan, hagfish, and lamprey)?
    3. What groups of vertebrates have an amniotic egg? What advantage do amniotes have over non-amniote vertebrates (e.g. fishes and amphibians)?
    4. How did the origin of jaws, lungs, limbs, and the amniotic eggs affect the course of vertebrate evolution?

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Added by Antonio W.

Biology for AP Courses

Julianne Zedalis, John Eggebrecht

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Solved by Expert Shaiju T

04/16/2022

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Step 1: The four chordate shared characteristics are Notochord, Dorsal Nerve Cord, Pharyngeal Slits, and Post-anal Tail. Show more…

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1. What are the four chordate shared characteristics (synapomorphies) and what is the function of each structure for a chordate animal? 2. The evolution of jaws is considered to be a key innovation in vertebrate evolution. What advantage do jawed vertebrates (gnathostomes) have when compared to jawless fishes (agnathan, hagfish, and lamprey)? 3. What groups of vertebrates have an amniotic egg? What advantage do amniotes have over non-amniote vertebrates (e.g. fishes and amphibians)? 4. How did the origin of jaws, lungs, limbs, and the amniotic eggs affect the course of vertebrate evolution?

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Transcript

00:01 Hello students, in the given question let us consider the four major characteristics that are shared by the court dates.

00:10 The answer for this, that is the explanation is, here we are going to mention the four major characteristics that are seen among the card dates.

00:21 So first one is notocard.

00:25 First characteristic is notocard.

00:27 Second and nerve card.

00:29 Third one, pharyngeal slits.

00:30 And the fourth one is endostite.

00:33 Now let us consider the explanation related to this.

00:37 As we have started with notocard, let us consider notocard.

00:41 This is located ventral to the dorsal nerve cord.

00:54 Ventral to the dorsal nerve cord, we have notocard.

00:59 Major function of it if we consider, which one is support and rigidity.

01:07 It provides support and rigidity to the body.

01:16 Support and rigidity to the body.

01:20 Apart from this it aid in locomotion that is it helps in locomotion even this notocard it works as a rod it works as a rod to which notocard acts as a rod and it is helpful for attachment of muscles moving on to the second characteristic feature, that is nerve guard.

01:59 It appears like a single dorsal hollow.

02:07 It is produced by unfolding of dorsal ectodermal cells...

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