1. What is morphology? 2. What is phylogeny? 3. By what means does the field of Systematics classify organisms and construct phylogenies? 4. Starting with Domain, what are the other seven taxonomic levels (taxa or groups) in the discipline of taxonomy? 5. How does convergent evolution cause species that do not have a recent common ancestor to share features (or characteristics) similar in function? 6. Explain why a bird’s wing and bats wing (not the underlying bones) are considered analogous (aka homoplasy) not homologous. 7. Next, explain why the underlying skeletal systems of birds and bats are considered homologous and not a homoplasy (aka analogous). 8. What is a clade? 9. Clades only include one ancestral species and all its’ descendants, what is the term for this?
Added by M-Nica S.
Close
Step 1
Morphology refers to the study of the form and structure of organisms, including their specific structural features, such as shape, size, and coloration. Show more…
Show all steps
Your feedback will help us improve your experience
Adi S and 100 other Biology educators are ready to help you.
Ask a new question
Labs
Want to see this concept in action?
Explore this concept interactively to see how it behaves as you change inputs.
Key Concepts
Recommended Videos
Questions 4-6 will focus on the example phylogeny below. This phylogeny is a simplification that uses made-up animals. Each black letter refers to a species. Each blue letter represents an extinct common ancestor. Each red square represents an innovation and is labeled with the new trait: Loss of Stripes Tail Jaws Eyes Antennae Legs Stripes 4. Define the term "outgroup" in your own words and identify the outgroup in this phylogeny. (1 pt) 5. In your own words, define "Sister groups." Based on this phylogeny, which two species are sister species? (1 pt) 6. Identify the common ancestor shared by species B, C, and D. What traits would you expect this common ancestor to exhibit? (2 points).
Supreeta N.
1.a Match the following definitions with their terms. These definitions are essential to interpreting a phylogeny. A derived form of a trait that is shared by a group of related species [ Choose ] Taxa Characters Clade Synapomorphy Outgroup Tips Node Organisms that are closely related, but not direct members of the group being studied An organism and all of its descendants [ Choose ] A point of divergence in which a lineage splits [ Choose ] 1.b Which of the following taxonomic groups could contain species that have similar phenotypes as a result of convergent evolution? Monophyletic Paraphyletic Polyphyletic None of these answer choices. 1.c Which of the following terms describes when a shared character state is present but NOT inherited from a common ancestor? Synapomorphy Homology Homoplasy Clade
Keemin L.
1) Explain the differences and similarities between Evolutionary Systematics, Phenetics, and Cladistics. 2) It has been argued by some systematists that we should abandon Linnaean taxonomic ranks above the genus level. Provide at least two reasons why they might argue this. Do you agree or disagree with this argument? Explain your reasoning. 3) What is the purpose of an outgroup taxon in a cladistic analysis? How should one select an appropriate outgroup taxon for their study sample? Feel free to use example clades in your answer. 4) Give examples of monophyletic, paraphyletic, and polyphyletic groups. (or "groups" in most cases). (I do not mean definitions, real-world examples of various organisms)
Recommended Textbooks
Biology for AP Courses
Objective Biology for NEET
Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
Transcript
Watch the video solution with this free unlock.
EMAIL
PASSWORD