1. What is the central nervous system and what is it composed of?
2. What is the peripheral nervous system? List and describe its 2 main divisions.
3. Muscles are controlled by the ______ nervous system which is a division of the ______ division of the peripheral nervous system.
4. The autonomic nervous system sends motor commands that control what 4 tissues?
5. The afferent division of the peripheral nervous system brings ______ information to the ______.
6. What is a neuron?
7. Draw a neuron and label the following: cell body, axon hillock, axon, dendrites, telodendria
8. In which location does the neuron receive information from other cells?
9. What does white matter mostly consist of?
10. What does gray matter mostly consist of?
11. Neurons are classified by function into sensory, motor, and interneurons. Describe each one and its function. Which one is the most abundant?
12. What are neuroglia?
13. Describe the different types of neuroglia and where each is located. (Fig. 12-4)
Astrocytes, ependymal cells, oligodendrocytes, microglia
Satellites cells, Schwann cells
14. What factors establish the resting membrane potential of a neuron?
15. At normal resting membrane potential, the outside of the cell is more ______ and the outside is more ______.
16. What is the "All or None Principle"?
17. Explain the steps in the generation and propagation of an action potential in detail. (Fig.12-13)**
18. Be able to describe and locate on the graph what causes, threshold, action potential, depolarization, repolarization, hyperpolarization as seen on p.411 of the textbook.**
19. During the depolarization phase, voltage-gated ______ channels open and ______ enters the cell.
20. What are the two processes that stop the potential from rising above +30 mV?
21. The opening of voltage-gated K+ channels causes the membrane to ______.
22. When the membrane potential becomes more negative than -70 mV, this is called ______.
23. After an action potential, the neuron cannot generate another action potential because ______ channels are inactive. This period is called the ______ period.
24. What is the role of calcium at the motor end plate?
25. What is the relationship between myelin and the propagation speed of action potentials?
26. Adrenergic synapses release which neurotransmitter?
27. What are the structural and functional differences among type A, B, and C fibers?
28. What is the difference between and excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) and an inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP)?
29. What is the difference between temporal and spatial summation?