Participatory science uses teams of scientists collaborating with everyday people who volunteer to participate in data collection. Projects range from astronomy to biology. The Hudson River Estuary Program and the Cornell University Department of Natural Resources are working together to identify and map road crossings where salamanders and frogs are especially vulnerable. People are asked to report when and where amphibians are found during specific times and in specific areas of New York. The data these volunteers submit would be described as what? Choose one: A. observational studies B. the scientific method C. causation studies D. experimental studies
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The volunteers are observing and reporting when and where amphibians are found, they are not manipulating any variables or conducting any experiments. Show more…
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Doing science Citizen science is an amazing way for anyone to get involved in scientific research. Search the Internet for citizen science projects relevant to this chapter's topics, using keywords like "parasite," "predator," "prey," and "group living," to name a few. Examples include Project Monarch Health (http://www monarchparasites.org], in which volunteers sample wild monarch butterflies for a protozoan parasite to track its prevalence across North America. Participate in a project and, in writing, reflect on what you learned.
Ecology: Gathering Data Which technique for gathering data (observational study or experiment) do you think was used in the following studies? (a) The Colorado Division of Wildlife netted and released 774 fish at Quincy Reservoir. There were 219 perch, 315 blue gill, 83 pike, and 157 rainbow trout. (b) The Colorado Division of Wildlife caught 41 bighorn sheep on Mt. Evans and gave each one an injection to prevent heartworm. A year later, 38 of these sheep did not have heartworm, while the other three did. (c) The Colorado Division of Wildlife imposed special fishing regulations on the Deckers section of the South Platte River. All trout under 15 inches had to be released. A study of trout before and after the regulation went into effect showed that the average length of a trout increased by 4.2 inches after the new regulation. (d) An ecology class used binoculars to watch 23 turtles at Lowell Ponds. It was found that 18 were box turtles and 5 were snapping turtles.
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Introduction to Experimental Design
Which technique for gathering data (observational study or experiment) do you think was used in the following studies? (a) The Colorado Division of Wildlife netted and released 774 fish at Quincy Reservoir. There were 219 perch, 315 blue gill, 83 pike, and 157 rainbow trout. (b) The Colorado Division of Wildlife caught 41 bighorn sheep on Mt. Evans and gave each one an injection to prevent heartworm. A year later, 38 of these sheep did not have heartworm, while the other three did. (c) The Colorado Division of Wildlife imposed special fishing regulations on the Deckers section of the South Platte River. All trout under 15 inches had to be released. A study of trout before and after the regulation went into effect showed that the average length of a trout increased by 4.2 inches after the new regulation. (d) An ecology class used binoculars to watch 23 turtles at Lowell Ponds. It was found that 18 were box turtles and 5 were snapping turtles.
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