00:01
Okay, so there's a series of questions that say use the figure below to help answer the following questions.
00:08
The figure was actually not included, but it's glycolysis, right? we can look at basically any figure of glycolysis, excuse me, and understand what's going on.
00:21
So over here we have a summary of glycolysis.
00:24
We take in glucose.
00:25
We add two molecules of atp, and we get two molecules of nadh, and four molecules.
00:32
Of atp, so we get a plus two atp gain, and we get two molecules of nadh, which are electron carriers.
00:50
So this is done through a series of 10 chemical reactions.
00:56
So here's we take glucose, we add atp and get glucose 6 phosphate, and so on and so forth.
01:03
Again, each one catalyzed by a special enzyme.
01:10
So which of the following statements best describes the main concept of the figure? type 1, 2, or 3 into the blank.
01:18
One, glycolysis produces pyruvic acid, which has more potential energy.
01:24
So pyruvate, our pyruvic acid, is the final product of glycolysis.
01:33
So we do start with glucose, right, and we do end up with pyruvate.
01:37
But we gain two molecules of atp, after spending, well, we gain four after spending two, so we have a net gain of two, right? and we take some electrons off glucose and give them two molecules of nadh.
01:52
So pyruvate does not have more potential energy than glucose.
01:56
It actually has less, so we know that one's not an option.
02:01
Glycolysis produces atp to power ourselves.
02:04
It produces a little, but we can't operate very, operate very well with just that net gain of two per molecule of glucose.
02:16
That's a very inefficient exchange, right? glycolysis splits glucose so that electrons can be harvested more easily.
02:23
This is the main purpose, right? we pull those two molecules of nadh, which can go to oxidative phosphorylation.
02:31
We also produce intermediates that can go on to the citric acid cycle to more easily release or slowly release the energy from glucose.
02:39
Okay.
02:41
The second one says atp is invested at the beginning of glycolysis because, so here we take glucose and we add two molecules of atp, converting it into glucose 6 phosphate, which then the rest of the, or starts the next stage of the chemical reactions.
03:01
Okay.
03:03
So why do we do that? the second law of thermodynamics can't be avoided.
03:07
That's true.
03:08
We cannot.
03:11
Avoid the second law of thermodynamics, but that's not the right answer here.
03:15
The added phosphate makes glucose unstable and more easily split.
03:19
The added phosphate converts the potential energy of glucose into kinetic energy...