2. DO LATER Which pair of statements best compares the primary functions of the carbohydrate chitin and the protein chitinase? A The chitin in the exoskeleton provides insulation for insects. The chitinase stores genetic material for insectivorous bats. B The chitin in the exoskeleton breaks down for energy to be used by insects. The chitinase provides insulation for insectivorous bats. C The chitin in the exoskeleton stores genetic material for insects. The chitinase provides support and protection for insectivorous bats. D The chitin in the exoskeleton provides support and protection for insects. The chitinase breaks down chitin for energy to be used by insectivorous bats. O V E R
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Carbohydrates serve various functions in different animals. Arthropods like insects, crustaceans, and others, have an outer layer, called the exoskeleton, which protects their internal body parts. This exoskeleton is made mostly of chitin. Chitin is also a major component of the cell walls of fungi, the kingdom that includes molds and mushrooms. Chitin is a polysaccharide. What is the major difference between chitin and other types of polysaccharides? a. Chitin is a nitrogen-containing polysaccharide, with repeating units of $N$ -acetyl- $\beta-D$ - glucosamine, a modified sugar. b. Chitin is similar to amylase, but with sulfur linkages between the monomers. c. Chitin is similar to inulin, a polysaccharide with fructose, but with additional glucose monomers. d. Chitin contains phosphate groups that give it a stiffness not found in other polysaccharides.
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